YB/T 4118-2016 精炼钢包用透气砖和座砖/Purging plug and seat block for refining ladles

精炼钢包用透气砖和座砖

1 范围

  本标准规定了精炼钢包用透气砖和座砖的分类、形状尺寸、技术要求、试验方法、质量评定程序、包装、标志、运输、储存和质量证明书。

  本标准适用于精炼钢包用透气砖及座砖。

2 规范性引用文件

  下列文件对于本文件的应用是必不可少的。凡是注日期的引用文件,仅注日期的版本适用于本文件。凡是不注日期的引用文件,其最新版本(包括所有的修改单)适用于本文件。

  GB/T 2997 致密定形耐火制品 体积密度、显气孔率和真气孔率试验方法

  GB/T 5069镁铝系耐火材料化学分析方法

  GB/T 5070含铬耐火材料化学分析方法

  GB/T 5072耐火材料 常温耐压强度试验方法

  GB/T 7321定形耐火制品试样制备方法

  GB/T 10325定形耐火制品验收抽样检验规则

  GB/T 10326 定形耐火制品尺寸、外观及断面的检查方法

  GB/T 16546定形耐火制品包装、标志、运输和储存

  GB/T 21114 耐火材料 X射线荧光光谱化学分析-熔铸玻璃片法

  YB/T 370 耐火制品荷重软化温度试验方法(非示差-升温法)

  YB/T 4115 功能耐火材料通气量试验方法

3 分类及形状尺寸

3.1 砖按用途分为透气砖和座砖,

3.2 砖按理化指标分为T-80、T-85、X-85、M-85、2-80、2-85 等六个牌号。牌号中的T、X,M、Z分别为狭缝型透气砖、芯板型透气砖、弥散型透气砖、座砖首个汉字的拼音首字母,数字代表三氧化二铝的质量百分数。

3.3 砖的形状及尺寸可按附录 A的规定,也可按需方提供的图纸要求进行生产。

4 技术要求

4.1砖的理化指标应符合表1的规定，

4.2砖的尺寸允许偏差和外观应符合表2的规定

4.3透气砖的钢套和进气管不应漏气。

4.4 根据用户需求设置透气砖安全警示体,透气砖中安全警示体材质分为耐火材料、钢棒、碳棒等,埋设形式分为上埋式、中埋式和下埋式,安全警示高度为距透气砖底面 150mm 或根据用户要求设定。

5 试验方法

5.1 座砖的制样按 GB/T 7321 进行。狭缝型、芯板型和弥散型透气砖的制样均可按用户和生产管理的要求,采用生产透气砖产品的同一工艺制成试样。其中狭缝型和弥散型透气砖,也可以根据砖型大小在透气砖的大头截去 20mm~30mm 后的中心部位钻取 p36mmX50mm 试样5.2 含 Cr₂O₃,的砖中 Al₂O₃ 、Cr₂O₃、MgO的测定按 GB/T 5070 或 GB/T 21114 进行;不含 Cr₂O₃的砖中 Al₂O₃ 、MgO 的测定按 GB/T 5069 或 GB/T 21114 进行。

表1精炼钢包用透气砖和座砖的理化指标
项目		指 标
		狭缝型透气砖		芯板型透气砖	弥散型透气砖	座砖
		T-80	T-85	X-85	M-85	Z-80	Z-85
w(Al2O3 )/%	≥	80	85	85	85	80	85
w(Al₂O3+Cr2O3+MgO)/%	≥	–	92	–	–	–	92
显气孔率/%	≤	20	18	18	30	16	16
常温耐压强度/MPa	≥	–	80	60	40	40	50
0.2MPa荷重软化开始温度T2/℃	≥	1650	1680	1680	1680	1620	1680
通气量(压差0.1MPa~1.0MPa)/(m3/h)		提供数据
注:出厂的每块透气砖都应进行通气量检验。

表2精炼钢包用透气砖和座砖的尺寸允许偏差及外观 单位为毫米
项目				指标
				透气砖	座砖
尺寸允许偏差		内径		–	±2
		外径		±2	边长或外径 ±5
		高度		±3	±5
		长度和宽度		–	±4
缺角长度(a+b+c)			不大于	–	60
缺棱长度(e+f+g)				–	60
平均熔洞直径				3	3
裂纹长度	宽度≤0.10			10	不限制
	宽度0.11~0.25			不准有	50
	宽度0.26~0.50			不准有	20
	宽度>0.50			不准有	不准有

5.3 显气孔率的测定按 GB/T 2997 进行,

5.4常温耐压强度的测定按 GB/T 5072 进行

5.5 荷重软化温度的测定按 YB/T 370 进行。

5.6透气砖通气量的测定按 YB/T 4115 进行

5.7 尺寸、外观的测定按 GB/T 10326 进行。

5.8 钢套及进气管的气密性检查,按在焊缝处涂抹肥皂液观察是否漏气或用单位时间内的压降评估的方法进行。

6质量评定程序

6.1 编批

  透气砖和座砖分别以不超过 200 块为一批。

6.2 抽样与判定规则

  砖的抽样验收按 GB/T 10325 进行。化学组成、显气孔率、常温耐压强度、荷重软化开始温度为验收项目。

6.3 合格评定形式

  合格评定可采用供货方声明、使用方认定或第三方认证的形式进行，

7 包装、标志、运输、储存和质量证明书

7.1 砖的包装、标志、运输和储存按 GB/T 16546 进行。透气砖的进气管端头连接螺纹处应涂油,并套上保护帽。

7.2 每块透气砖的通气量应标记在砖的明显位置上。

7.3 砖出厂时应附有供方质量部门签发的质量证明书,载明供方名称或厂标、需方名称、发货日期、合同号、产品名称、标准编号、牌号、砖号、批号及相应的理化指标检验结果等项目。

 

 

Purging plug and seat block for refining ladles

1 Range

  This standard specifies the classification, shape, size, technical requirements, test methods, quality assessment procedures, packaging, marking, transportation, storage and quality certificates of breathable bricks and blocks for refining ladles.

  This standard applies to breathable bricks and pedestal bricks for refining ladle.

2 Normative reference documents

  The following documents are essential for the application of this document. For dated references, the date-only version applies to this document. For undated references, the latest version (including all amendment orders) applies to this document.

  Test method for bulk density, apparent porosity and true porosity of GB/T 2997 compact shaped refractory products

  GB/T 5069 method for chemical analysis of MG-Al refractories

  GB/T 5070 chromium containing refractory chemical analysis method

  GB/T 5072 refractories – normal temperature compressive strength test method

  GB/T 7321 shaped refractory product sample preparation method

  GB/T 10325 shaped refractory products acceptance sampling inspection rules

  GB/T 10326 shaped refractory products size, appearance and section inspection method

  GB/T 16546 shaped refractory products packaging, marking, transportation and storage

  GB/T 21114 Refractories X-ray fluorescence spectrochemical analysis – fusion-cast glass sheet method

  Test method for Load softening temperature of YB/T 370 refractory products (non-differential warming method)

  YB/T 4115 functional refractory ventilation test method

3 Classification and shape size

3.1 Bricks are divided into breathable bricks and seat bricks according to their use.

3.2 Bricks are divided into six grades including T-80, T-85, X-85, M-85, 2-80 and 2-85 according to physical and chemical indexes. The T, X,M and Z in the brand are respectively the slit type breathable brick, the core plate type breathable brick, the dispersion type breathable brick, and the pinyin initial letter of the first Chinese character of the brick, and the number represents the mass percentage of aluminum oxide.

3.3 The shape and size of the bricks can be produced according to Appendix A or according to the drawing requirements provided by the demander.

4 Technical Requirements

4.1 The physical and chemical indexes of bricks shall conform to the provisions of Table 1.

4.2 The size permissible deviation and appearance of the brick shall comply with the provisions of Table 2

4.3 The steel sleeve of the breathable brick and the intake pipe should not leak.

4.4 Set the safety warning body of breathable brick according to user requirements. The material of the safety warning body of breathable brick is divided into refractory material, steel rod, carbon rod, etc. The buried form is divided into upper buried, middle buried and lower buried. The safety warning height is 150mm from the bottom surface of the breathable brick or set according to user requirements.

5 Test methods

5.1 The sample preparation of bricks was carried out according to GB/T 7321. Slit type, core plate type and diffusion type breathable brick can be prepared according to the requirements of users and production management, using the same process for the production of breathable brick products. The determination of Al₂O₃ ,Cr₂O₃ MgO in brick 5.2 containing Cr₂O₃ can be measured according to GB/T 5070 or GB/T 21114 in the center of sample p36mmX50mm after the big head of the permeable brick is cut off 20mm~30mm according to the size of the brick Proceed; The determination of Al₂O₃ MgO in bricks without Cr₂O₃was performed according to GB/T 5069 or GB/T 21114.

Table 1 Physical and chemical indexes of breathable brick and base brick for refining ladle
Item		Index
		Slit breathable brick		Core board type breathable brick	Diffused breathable brick	Seat brick
		T-80	T-85	X-85	M-85	Z-80	Z-85
w(Al2O3 )/%	≥	80	85	85	85	80	85
w(Al₂O3+Cr2O3+MgO)/%	≥	–	92	–	–	–	92
Apparent porosity/%	≤	20	18	18	30	16	16
Compressive strength at room temperature/MPa	≥	–	80	60	40	40	50
0.2MPa Load softening starting temperatureT2/℃	≥	1650	1680	1680	1680	1620	1680
Ventilation (differential pressure0.1MPa~1.0MPa)/(m3/h)		Provide data
Note: Each ventilated brick delivered by the factory should be tested for ventilation.

Table 2 The permissible size deviation and appearance of the breathable brick and seat brick for refining ladle are in mm
Item				Index
				Breathable brick	Seat brick
Allowable deviation of dimension		Inside diameter		–	±2
		Outside diameter		±2	Side length or outside diameter ±5
		Altitude		±3	±5
		Length and width		–	±4
Missing Angle length(a+b+c)			Not more than	–	60
Missing edge length(e+f+g)				–	60
Average hole diameter				3	3
Crack length	Breadth≤0.10			10	No limit
	Breadth0.11~0.25			Be forbidden from	50
	Breadth0.26~0.50			Be forbidden from	20
	Breadth>0.50			Be forbidden from	Be forbidden from

5.3 The apparent porosity was measured according to GB/T 2997.

5.4The compressive strength at room temperature was measured according to GB/T 5072

5.5 The load softening temperature was measured according to YB/T 370.

5.6The ventilation of the breathable brick was measured by YB/T 4115

5.7 Size and appearance were measured according to GB/T 10326.

5.8 The air tightness of the steel sleeve and the intake pipe shall be checked by applying soap to the weld to observe whether there is any air leakage or by assessing the pressure drop per unit time.

6 Quality assessment procedures

6.1 Batch Ordering

  A batch of breathable bricks and seat bricks shall not exceed 200 pieces respectively.

6.2 Sampling and decision rules

  Sampling acceptance of bricks is carried out in accordance with GB/T 10325. Chemical composition, apparent porosity, normal temperature compressive strength and load softening starting temperature are the acceptance items.

6.3 Form of conformity assessment

  Conformity assessment can be carried out in the form of supplier declaration, user certification or third-party certification.

7 Packing, marking, transportation, storage and quality certificate

7.1 Bricks are packed, marked, transported and stored in GB/T 16546. The connection thread of the intake pipe end of the breathable brick should be oiled and covered with a protective cap.

7.2 The ventilation rate of each breathable brick shall be marked on the obvious position of the brick.

7.3 The quality certificate issued by the quality department of the supplier shall be attached when the brick leaves the factory, indicating the name of the supplier or factory standard, the name of the demander, the date of delivery, the contract number, the product name, the standard number, the brand number, the brick number, the lot number and the corresponding physical and chemical index test results.